Stay comfortable and alert with the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag

An ounce of prevention, as they say, is worth a pound of cure. This is especially true when riding a motorcycle. ThirstyRock Hydration emphasizes the need for being properly hydrated before you set out on your motorcycle adventure, and staying hydrated all along the way. Stay alert and safe with the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag.

The ideal hydration pack:

• Allows you to drink safely without having to stop and remove your helmet
• Does not impede your ability to operate your motorcycle
• Does not restrict your movement, as some hydration backpacks do

The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag’s unique design provides the safety of a retractable hose, keeping life-giving water at your fingertips. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag attaches to the tank, so you stay more comfortable on your ride.

Since dehydration can lead to errors in judgment, be aware of the signs of dehydration, not only for your safety but for others on the road as well.

• Increased thirst
• Dry mouth
• Fatigue or tiredness
• Decreased urine output
• Dizziness

Remember when riding to take a sip or two whenever you feel thirsty, since even mild thirst can be a sign that dehydration is near. If you restrict your drinking to avoid restroom stops, you could be putting yourself at risk. A bathroom break is preferable to the dangerous alternative.

ThirstyRock Hydration understands the importance of having ample water while you’re riding. That’s why we designed the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag with a dual thermal lining that keeps three liters of water cold for hours. Our tank bag mounts to any motorcycle, ATV or off-road vehicle with multiple D-ring anchors or a wrap-around magnet system to keep your water within reach. Give your body what you need to stay alert and survive. For more information and to order your ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Motorcycle Hydration Bladder
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration asks motorcyclists: What is your hydration strategy when riding?

Dehydration can have serious consequences especially while riding a motorcycle. So ThirstyRock Hydration wants to know if you have a safe strategy to keep you hydrated on the road. You probably already know that trying to grab a drink of water during your ride can be tricky and dangerous. So before you set out, here are some tips about hydrating before, during and afterward to help keep you safe.

Before the Ride

Avoid alcohol the night before you ride and caffeine the day of your ride They are diuretics and can contribute to dehydration. If you can’t leave the house without coffee at least drink water before you hop on your bike.

While You Ride

• To ensure your safety, carry water with you using the Thirsty Rock Hydration Tank Bag. It provides the best way for motorcyclists and off-roaders to get hydrated, stay hydrated and, most importantly, stay safe when you're out having fun. Also, be sure to avoid drinks with high sugar and caffeine content. Instead drink water or drinks containing electrolytes like sodium, potassium and magnesium.

• Wear appropriate clothing like ventilated or sweat-wicking layers and clothing with zippers that can be easily undone.

• Pay attention to your body by monitoring the shade of your urine. Dark urine may be a sign of dehydration.

After You Ride

Make sure to hydrate slowly and consistently as soon as possible after you reach your destination and check for symptoms of dehydration which can include:

• fever
• fatigue
• dizziness
• headache
• dry mouth
• extreme thirst
• reduced urine output

Stay one step ahead of dehydration by having a strategy in place. The Thirsty Rock Hydration Tank Bag’s retractable hose provides a safe method of hydrating while riding without interfering with the operation of your bike. The dual thermal lining provides motorcycle enthusiasts and off-roaders with hours and hours of ice cold water and is the best way to stay safely hydrated. For more information about the Thirsty Rock Hydration Tank Bag and its features, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Motorcycle Hydration Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration reminds us how important it is to stay hydrated

Every cell, tissue, and organ in your body depends on water to function properly. The body needs water to survive. ThirstyRock Hydration explains why it is so important to stay hydrated.

Your body uses water to enable the basic functions of life to work: the brain, the heart, circulatory system and all the vital organs and processes. Water is also necessary for your body maintain its temperature, lubricate your joints and eliminate waste. Water is needed for survival and overall good health.

Pure water is the best beverage for staying hydrated. Other drinks and foods can help; but some may add extra calories from sugar to your diet. Milk, herbal teas, and fruit and vegetable juices add to the amount of water you get each day. Fruits, vegetables and soup broths are also great sources of water. Even caffeinated drinks, like coffee, tea and soda, can add to your daily water intake. However, there are some things you need to know about caffeine:

• Caffeine in moderation (about 200 to 300 milligrams per day) is not harmful for most people. 200 to 300 milligrams of caffeine is about the amount in 2 to 4, 8-ounce cups of coffee.
• It is best to limit caffeinated drinks.
• Caffeine often causes frequent urination.
• Caffeine causes some people to feel anxious or jittery.

Sports drinks can be helpful when you exercise at higher than normal levels. These drinks contain carbohydrates and electrolytes that can help to increase your energy level. Sports drinks may help your body absorb water. But be careful when hydrating with sports drinks, because:

• Many sports drinks are high in calories from added sugar.
• Some sports drinks contain high levels of sodium (salt).
• Some sports drinks contain caffeine.

ThirstyRock Hydration understands how important it is to stay hydrated. If you are a motorcyclist, it is important to stay hydrated throughout your ride. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag mounts to any motorcycle, ATV or off-road vehicle with multiple D-ring anchors or a wrap-around magnet system. There’s no longer any excuse not to stay hydrated while out on the road. Give your body what it needs to survive and be healthy: water! For more information and to order your ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Motorcycle Hydration Bladder
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag makes it easy to stay hydrated while riding your motorcycle

Water is one of those things you know you need, but often don’t realize you haven’t had enough of until it's too late. That’s why it's important to make getting water as easy as possible, especially when you’re deep into a long motorcycle ride. It's just too easy to be caught up in the trance of the road and neglect your body’s most important need. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag helps you stay hydrated.

Bigger Bottle
The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag holds up to three liters of water, more than enough for a day’s riding. And the thermal lining keeps that water cold, even in 100-degree heat.

Remember to Drink
Because our bag sits right on top of your fuel tank, it’s front and center on your bike. Having it visible reminds you to keep sipping.

Make it Easy
You don’t want to have to stop and dig a bottle out of your bags. Just reach down and pull out the retractable drinking hose to enjoy that cool water whenever you need it.

Keep Track
You’ll know if that headache is because you’re dehydrated or for some other reason because you’ll see how much water you’ve consumed right there in front of you. You don’t need an app, you just need a bag that should be empty by the end of the day.

The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag mounts to any motorcycle, ATV or off-road vehicle with multiple D-ring anchors or a wrap-around magnet system. There’s no longer any excuse not to stay hydrated while out on the road. Give your body what it needs: Hydrate or die!  For more information and to order one for yourself, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Motorcycle Hydration Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is another lifesaver for motorcycle riders

Do you use lifesavers when you ride? As a biker, this is one of the greatest tools at our disposal. If you are not already familiar with the term, this is the quick glance you take over your shoulder before changing lanes or the quick look around to make sure you know where all the cars are. ThirstyRock Hydration educates riders on common issues and introduces another lifesaver, the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag.

HelmetsHelmets and eyewear are designed to protect you, but there are several helmet and goggle designs that can impede your peripheral vision and create a blind spot. Your mirrors help compensate for this decreased visibility, but it is necessary to make frequent mirror checks.

Shoulders and Elbows
Motorcycles are designed to look good; they are not always designed to be functional. The mirrors on many bikes are not far enough out and are easily blocked by your shoulders and elbows. A simple fix for this is to install longer mirror stems. In additional to mirror placement, it is best to have mirrors on both sides of your bike to enhance your field of vision.

Hydration
Another common issue that creates blind spots is the need to hydrate. You may need to tilt your head up to drink out of a bottle, take your eyes off the road to find your hydration pack’s mouthpiece, or you don’t drink until you stop. The first two problems put you at risk because you cannot see well, but not drinking puts you in real danger. Dehydration has a negative impact on your ability to think, react, and see.

Regularly checking your blind spots will help you avoid an accident. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag will keep you hydrated which will help you stay alert and ready for anything. To learn how the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is changing how bikers ride, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Strap Kit for Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration shares tips for staying cool when you ride

Motorcycle riders understand the need for protective gear and clothing, not only  to protect your body from the elements, but to keep your body temperature regulated as well. ThirstyRock Hydration wants you to keep cool and ride safely, and the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is one of the best ways to do just that.

What to wear
Perspiration and evaporation regulate the body's temperature and keep you from overheating. As moisture evaporates from the skin, it draws heat away from the body. Long-sleeved, moisture-wicking fabrics are ideal for riding due to the movement of air over the material creating evaporation. Avoid clothing that traps perspiration against the skin and doesn't allow it evaporate. Limit sun exposure with sunglasses or a darkened visor to reduce sun glare. Sunscreen should be applied on any areas that are not covered by clothing.

What to drink
Staying hydrated is critical to maintaining alertness and mental focus while riding. Men require 3 liters of water per day; women require 2.7 liters. When riding in hotter temperatures, dehydration is a very real threat. Caffeine and alcohol are diuretics - meaning they increase the amount of urine you produce and help get rid of excess water - which is not what you want when you're riding. Your body needs fluids to produce perspiration and to regulate your temperature. And you should never drink alcohol before or during a ride.

How to stay hydrated
The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is the best way to keep your body hydrated while riding. The reservoir is made from BPA-free hydration bladder material, and has a 3.5 inch mouth for easy filling. The dual thermal lining means it can keep 3 liters of water cold for hours in 100 degree temperatures. And with a retractable hose, you won't need to stop for water or risk losing control of your bike getting a drink while riding.

ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is the ideal way to avoid dehydration and remain safe while riding. An ounce of prevention, as they say. To order your ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
ThirstyRock Hydration Products
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration recommends you hydrate before, during and after your motorcycle ride

Hydration is important over any period of time: months, weeks, days - even hours! ThirstyRock Hydration explains the importance of hydrating before, during and after your motorcycle ride.

It is unhealthy and can be lethal to go too long without drinking enough fluids. It is recommended that men consume 100 ounces of water, and women consume 70 ounces, daily. These guidelines are based on normal activity levels and should increase when there is more physical exertion. Going a day without drinking enough fluids can result in heat exhaustion or severe muscle cramps. Dehydration can be deadly.

Dehydration occurs when your body doesn’t get enough fluids. You usually know when you’re dehydrated, but some of the more common symptoms of dehydration are:

• Headache
• Upset or burning stomach
• Decrease in energy
• Fatigue
• Longer post-workout recovery

One of the greatest favors you can do for your body is to schedule your fluid intake. Drink one glass of water first thing in the morning and one hour before you go to bed. Make sure to include a large, healthy drink with every meal. Avoid excess sugary drinks, soda, or alcohol. Drink plenty of water, but don’t overdo it. Drinking too much water within a short period of time can leave you feeling bloated. Drink a lot of water and fluids, but also eat fruits and vegetables that are high in water content. Some of these are watermelon (who would have ever thought?), pineapple, pears, blueberries, grapefruit, celery, cucumber, lettuce, and tomatoes.

ThirstyRock Hydration understands the importance of hydrating before, during and after your motorcycle ride. That’s why we created the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag with dual thermal lining and a hydration bladder. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag keeps 3 liters of water ice cold for several hours. A convenient retractable hose keeps water at your fingertips, but does not in any way impede the operation of your motorcycle. Make staying hydrated one of your top priorities. For more information or to place an order, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com. Be safe out there!

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration offers tips on motorcycle safety

Hitting the open road on a motorcycle gives a feeling of exhilaration coupled with a healthy apprehension. There is a great level of freedom but not without an element of risk. ThirstyRock Hydration offers safety tips for motorcyclists.

Always ride sober and stay alert
Drinking and driving don’t mix, and riding while under the influence of alcohol or medications can impair your judgment.

Don’t ride distracted
Listening to music or using your phone with headphones while riding can prevent you from hearing traffic sounds. The distraction may cause you to miss what’s happening on the road, and put you at risk.

Stay hydrated
Hydrate before, during and after riding. The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is the best way to hydrate safely while riding. Dehydration can cause dizziness and lack of focus, both of which can lead to serious problems while on a motorcycle.

Be aware of your surroundings
Watch for road hazards like potholes, loose gravel and animals. When driving on unfamiliar roads, be mindful of traffic control signs. Always keep an eye out for aggressive drivers.

• Drive defensively
• Leave sufficient distance between you and other vehicles
• Use turn signal indicators and give plenty of warning for turns or passing
• Always assume that other drivers don’t see you
• Leave yourself an escape route in case a vehicle pulls out in front of you or cuts you off
• Maintain good lane position so you can see farther down the road

Use extra caution when riding in inclement weather
Aside from the danger of slippery roads, visibility is decreased and you need more braking distance between yourself and other vehicles. Reduce speed accordingly. Don’t put yourself at risk by riding during thunderstorms.

Safety training
Training is not just for beginning riders, but it’s also a good idea for seasoned riders to take advanced training. There are new safety techniques and safety gear, among other information that will help keep you safe while riding.

Have proper insurance
Be prepared for mishaps with the right motorcycle insurance so that you are protected against medical bills and repair or replacement of your bike.

ThirstyRock Hydration hopes these tips help you enjoy many years of safely riding your motorcycle. We understand the importance of motorcycle safety practices. That’s why we created the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag with dual thermal lining and a hydration bladder that keeps 3 liters of water ice cold for several hours. The retractable hose keeps water at your fingertips but does not impede the operation of your motorcycle. Make staying hydrated one of your top priorities. For more information or to place an order, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com. Be safe out there!

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Strap Kit for Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration: How to stay hydrated while riding your motorcycle

As a motorcyclist, you know that physical endurance is on the short list of things necessary to make for an enjoyable and successful ride. Maintaining physical endurance, flexibility, strength and agility means maintaining physical hydration. ThirstyRock Hydration offers these important reminders for staying hydrated while on the road.

Time on a bike can fly by as you leave the miles and hours behind you. Without realizing it, the combination of time, heat and excitement may mean that not taking time for water catches up leaving you physically dehydrated. As all doctors, athletes and riders know, the consequences of physical dehydration can mean a slowing of the body's physical and mental response time. But for motorcycle riders, a slow mental and physical response time could prove to be a deadly combination.

Thankfully, ThirstyRock's Hydration Tank Bag means motorcyclists can stay cool, hydrated and most important of all, safe. 

It's a time saver.

• Our Hydration Tank Bag means not having to stop for a cold drink on a long trip.

It's a risk saver.

• There's no need to be fumbling around with mounted cups or beverage holders.

It's satisfying.

• You can keep up to three liters of ice cold water on tap. No more nasty warm water to go along with your road sweat.

It's convenient and easy to use.

• The insulated hydration hose is easily handled by gloved hands, easily visible to the rider and easily retracts back to the bag.   
• The hydration hose has a 45-degree bite valve which accommodates a variety of headgear.    
• The tank bag’s small footprint prevents it from interfering with any gauges or other apparatus, and is out of the way allowing safe handling of your motorcycle.

For the absolute easiest and best way to stay hydrated while riding your motorcycle or off-road vehicle, order your ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag today at https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
About the Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag should be part of your motorcycle safety gear

The most important consideration of your personal safety on the road is to choose and implement appropriate safety gear. ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag should be part of your motorcycle safety gear that is always in use.

Never assume you can’t get into an accident a block from your house. It happens quite often. Even at low speeds, collisions can be very injurious and even life-threatening when riding a motorcycle. What important safety equipment applies?

The helmet. Always wear a protective helmet, even if you live in a state that does not require that you do. It is obvious to any rational biker why this the most essential piece of protective equipment. You can get a full-face, lightweight helmet approved by the Department of Transportation (just look for the DOT-approved sticker on the back). A helmet will not only protect your face and head, but will cut down on wind noise for a more comfortable ride. Helmets degrade over time, so be sure to replace it every five years.

Protective outerwear. Forget the shorts and t-shirts. Wear clothing that will protect you from the weather, bugs, debris, and most importantly, the ground. You can easily lose a half-inch of skin and muscle if your bare skin hits the pavement at 44 mph. Ouch!

Boots. Sturdy boots made for motorcyclists are key for motorcycle safety. Choose ones that have extra protection along toes, heels, and ankles, and won’t twist.

Gloves. Wear gloves specifically made for motorcycle riding. Protect your hands and also keep them warm so you can operate your bike safely.

The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag. Did you know that your body can lose nearly a half-gallon of water every day - even if you are just sitting still? This means you are losing water while riding your motorcycle. If it is a hot day, your body may lose much more. Dehydration may go unnoticed for some time until it becomes so severe it can cause you to lose consciousness.

The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag allows you to hydrate safely while riding using the retractable hose. And the compact design will not impede your operation of the motorcycle.

ThirstyRock Hydration wants to help keep you safe and recommends the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag as a standard part of your motorcycle safety gear. If you are looking for a better solution for staying hydrated on your bike, the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is for you. It keeps cold water at your fingertips enabling you to hydrate safely while riding. For more information, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com. Hydrate or die!

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Hydration Tank Bag Strap Kit
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration talks about the importance of staying hydrated while riding

It is no surprise that a majority of our body is made up of water, but did you know that your body can lose nearly a half-gallon of water every day? This does not include doing strenuous work. Your body uses sweat to regulate your body temperature during normal activities like standing, walking, and even sitting. This means you are losing water while riding your motorcycle. If it is a hot day, your body may lose much more. Dehydration may go unnoticed for some time until it becomes severe. ThirstyRock Hydration recommends the Hydration Tank Bag, and talks about the importance of staying hydrated while riding.

Focus
Your brain is over 70% water, so any amount of dehydration can seriously impact your ability to focus and remain alert. When you are out riding, it is vital that you remain aware of potential hazards and other drivers. Being unfocused can have disastrous effects when you are on the road.

Energy
Staying hydrated can improve your overall energy level, so you can finish your trip without being dead tired. A bonus of proper hydration is that it helps your body maintain a healthier weight, and keeps your digestive system running smoothly.

Health
Being sick can make riding miserable. Water has been proven to help your immune system. Staying hydrated will help keep you on your feet.

Headaches
You may have experienced a headache halfway through a long ride. This is one of the most common symptoms of dehydration. If this happens to you, you should drink water as soon as possible.

Everyone knows water is essential for life, but we forget the impact it has on our everyday lives. Next time you are on the road, remember to drink water. If you are looking for a better solution for staying hydrated on your bike, the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag is for you. It keeps cold water at your fingertips enabling you to hydrate safely while riding. For more information, visit https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com. Hydrate or die!

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
Hydration Tank Bag Strap Kit
Helpful Articles

ThirstyRock Hydration talks about avoiding dehydration while riding your motorcycle

A lot of motorcyclists don’t consider dehydration as a danger on the road, but it can actually be a lethal problem. While it doesn’t seem to be a strenuous activity, riding a motorcycle on a hot summer day can cause a fatal crash if the rider isn’t properly hydrated. ThirstyRock Hydration shares about avoiding dehydration while riding your motorcycle.

How do motorcyclists get dehydrated?
Hot asphalt can feel like a furnace to a cyclist’s face, especially when riding at higher speeds. This extra heat can dehydrate you quickly. Plus, if you are not wearing proper riding gear because it’s “too hot,” the sun’s UV rays can suck the water out of your body and give you a serious sunburn. If you’re not hydrated before riding, this is an extra risk factor that increases the likelihood of a dangerous situation on the road.

How can dehydration be risky?
Obviously driving a car is much different than riding a motorcycle. While the same traffic rules apply, as you know, cyclists have to balance on two wheels, manage the clutch and gears, and watch out for vehicles that don’t see them. Dehydration can cause a rider to be less alert and have a slower reaction time, and a serious accident could result.

These are not the only risks. Dehydration can cause leg cramping and dizziness. Serious dehydration can cause heat stroke, requiring immediate medical attention. You can imagine a terrible incident could happen if your body seized up on a bike at 60+ mph.

How can motorcyclists stay hydrated on the road?
The ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag gives you the ability to sip water as you ride. The hydration bladder mounts right on your gas tank, and the hose has a retractable reel giving you the ability to drink, release the hose, and keep on riding without interfering with the operation of your motorcycle.

Riding can be an awesome experience with memories to last a lifetime. Don’t let dehydration cut that lifetime short. Drink water, keep your gear on, and listen to your body to make sure that your ride is a safe one. Protect yourself and the other drivers on the road by staying hydrated with the ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag. Learn more and place an order for your ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag at https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
About the Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles

Introducing ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, designed to keep motorcycle riders hydrated while on the road

For many of us there is no better connection to nature than hitting the open road on a motorcycle. But we need to keep hydrated, and that can be a challenge on a long road trip. Introducing ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, designed to keep motorcycle riders hydrated while on the road!

Oh, the fresh air, the sights, the sounds, and the joy of just being free. What an experience motorcycling is, whether you are a casual rider, a weekend warrior, or a hard-core cross-country biker. One thing remains true for every biking enthusiast: Staying hydrated while riding is essential!

While there are many hydration products on the market, the perfect solution has never been found - until now! Our Hydration Tank Bag is the solution for everyone. In fact, we have a patent pending, and our system is approved and trusted by police motor officers throughout the southwest!

Our ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag:

• Allows motorcycle riders to safely hydrate with ice cold water while riding
• Can be mounted on any motorcycle, ATV, or off-road vehicle with multiple D-ring anchor points as well as a wrap-around magnet system
• Features a dual thermal lining that keeps up to 3 liters of water ice cold for several hours, in 100 degree temperatures (It can be used as a regular tank bag when thermal liner is removed)

We’ve worked hard for the past two years to create the perfect hydration system and put life-giving water within reach, right on top of your gas tank! We hope and pray that you will learn more about this product and enjoy the benefits it will provide! ThirstyRock Hydration Tank Bag, designed to keep motorcycle riders hydrated while on the road, was developed by bikers for…well…everyone! Always remember to hydrate like your life depends on it - because it does! For in-depth information, and to purchase this product, visit us at https://www.thirstyrockhydration.com.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Hydration Tank Bag Features
About the Hydration Tank Bag
Helpful Articles